CAT 2017 Slot 1 — VARC Question 32
Answer the following question based on the information given below.
Do sports mega events like the Summer Olympic Games benefit the host city economically? It depends, but the prospects are less than rosy. The trick is converting… several billion dollars in operating costs during the 17-day fiesta of the games into a basis for long-term economic returns. These days, the Summer Olympic games themselves generate total revenue of 5 billion, but the lion’s share of this goes to the International Olympics Committee, the National Olympics Committees and the International sports Federations. Any economic benefit would have to flow from the value of the Games as an advertisement for the city, the new transportation and communications infrastructure that was created for the Games, or the ongoing use of the new facilities.
Evidence suggests that the advertising effect is far from certain. The infrastructure benefit depends on the initial condition of the city and the effectiveness of the planning. The facilities benefits is dubious at best for buildings such as velodromes or natatoriums and problematic for 100,000-seat Olympic stadiums. The latter require a conversion plan for future use, the former are usually doomed to near vacancy. Hosting the summer Games generally requires 30-plus sports venues and dozens of training centers. Today, the bird’s Nest in Beijing sits virtually empty, while the Olympic stadium in Sydney costs some $30 million a year to operate.
Part of the problem is that Olympics planning takes place in a frenzied and time-pressured atmosphere of intense competition with the other prospective host cities – not optimal conditions for contemplating the future shape of an urban landscape. Another part of the problem is that urban land is generally scarce and growing scarcer. The new facilities often stand for decades or longer. Even if they have future use, are they the best use of precious urban real estate?Further, cities must consider the human cost, Residential areas often are razed and citizens relocated (without adequate preparation or compensation). Life is made more hectic and congested. There are, after all, other productive uses that can be made of vanishing fiscal resources.
Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.
- People who study children’s language spend a lot of time watching how babies reacts to the speech they hear around them.
- They make films of adults and babies interacting, and examine them very carefully to see whether the babies show any signs of understanding what the adults say.
- They believe that babies begin to react to language from the very moment they are born.
- Sometimes the signs are very subtle – slight movements of the baby’s eyes or the head or the hands.
- You’d never notice them if you were just sitting with the child, but by watching a recording over and over, you can spot them.
Answer & solution
Answer: 3
The sentences in the given order describe how the people who study children’s language carry out their study by making films.
Repeated viewing is required by filming children because mere observation may not be sufficient to spot the slightest of movements.
Sentence 3, however describes what they believe, which is not related to the study.
Hence, option (c).