CAT 2024 Slot 1 — VARC Question 19
The passage below is accompanied by four questions. Based on the passage, choose the best answer for each question.
Fears of artificial intelligence (AI) have haunted humanity since the very beginning of the computer age. Hitherto these fears focused on machines using physical means to kill, enslave or replace people. But over the past couple of years new AI tools have emerged that threaten the survival of human civilisation from an unexpected direction. AI has gained some remarkable abilities to manipulate and generate language, whether with words, sounds or images. AI has thereby hacked the operating system of our civilisation.
Language is the stuff almost all human culture is made of. Human rights, for example, aren’t inscribed in our DNA. Rather, they are cultural artefacts we created by telling stories and writing laws. Gods aren’t physical realities. Rather, they are cultural artefacts we created by inventing myths and writing scriptures….What would happen once a non-human intelligence becomes better than the average human at telling stories, composing melodies, drawing images, and writing laws and scriptures? When people think about Chatgpt and other new AI tools, they are often drawn to examples like school children using AI to write their essays. What will happen to the school system when kids do that? But this kind of question misses the big picture. Forget about school essays. Think of the next American presidential race in 2024, and try to imagine the impact of AI tools that can be made to mass-produce political content, fake-news stories and scriptures for new cults…
Through its mastery of language, AI could even form intimate relationships with people, and use the power of intimacy to change our opinions and worldviews. Although there is no indication that AI has any consciousness or feelings of its own, to foster fake intimacy with humans it is enough if the AI can make them feel emotionally attached to it….
What will happen to the course of history when AI takes over culture, and begins producing stories, melodies, laws and religions? Previous tools like the printing press and radio helped spread the cultural ideas of humans, but they never created new cultural ideas of their own. AI is fundamentally different. AI can create completely new ideas, completely new culture…. Of course, the new power of AI could be used for good purposes as well. I won’t dwell on this, because the people who develop AI talk about it enough….
We can still regulate the new AI tools, but we must act quickly. Whereas nukes cannot invent more powerful nukes, AI can make exponentially more powerful AI.… Unregulated AI deployments would create social chaos, which would benefit autocrats and ruin democracies. Democracy is a conversation, and conversations rely on language. When AI hacks language, it could destroy our ability to have meaningful conversations, thereby destroying democracy….And the first regulation I would suggest is to make it mandatory for AI to disclose that it is an AI. If I am having a conversation with someone, and I cannot tell whether it is a human or an AI—that’s the end of democracy. This text has been generated by a human. Or has it?
The author terms language “the operating system of our civilization” for all the following reasons EXCEPT that it
Answer & solution
- A
has laid the foundation for the creation of cultural artefacts through writing and telling of stories.
- B
can influence political views and opinions as it engenders close emotional ties among people.
- C
is fundamental to the articulation and spread of human values and culture in our society.
is the basis of AI tools like ChatGPT which can be used to generate academic content and opinion.
Medium
The author calls language "the operating system of our civilisation" because language is what culture is built from. The EXCEPT answer is the option that is not a reason for that label—watch for an option that describes AI's use of language rather than why language itself is foundational.
Foundation for cultural artefacts via writing/telling stories. A stated reason—human rights and gods "are cultural artefacts we created by telling stories and writing laws/scriptures". Supports the label; not the answer.
Can influence political views via emotional ties. The passage notes language's power of intimacy can "change our opinions and worldviews" and shape political content—part of why language is the civilisational OS. Supports the label; not the answer.
Fundamental to articulating and spreading human values and culture. Directly stated—"Language is the stuff almost all human culture is made of." A core reason; not the answer.
Is the basis of AI tools like ChatGPT that generate content. This describes what AI does with language; it is not a reason language is "the operating system of our civilisation". The label is about culture being made of language, not about language underpinning ChatGPT. So this is the EXCEPT. Accept.
Option D. A, B and C explain why language is civilisation's operating system; D describes AI's use of language, which is not a reason for the metaphor.