XAT 2011 — QA & DI Question 9
Answer the following question based on the information given below.
Five years ago Maxam Glass Co. had estimated its staff requirements in the five levels in their organization as: Level-1: 55; Level-2: 65; Level-3: 225; Level-4: 255 & Level-5: 300. Over the years the company had recruited people based on ad-hoc requirements, in the process also selecting ex-defence service men and ex-policemen. The following graph shows actual staff strength at various levels as on date.
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If x = (9 + 4√5)48 = [x] + f
where [x] is defined as integral part of x and f is a faction, then x(1 – f) equals
Answer & solution
1
- B
Less than 1
- C
More than 1
- D
Between 1 and 2
- E
None of the above
x = (9 + 4√5)48
Let
y = (9 - 4√5)48
Now,
(9 + 4√5)48 × (9 - 4√5)48 = (81 - 80)48 = 1 ...(i)
Also, (9 + 4√5)48 + (9 - 4√5)48
= [48C0 948 + 48C1947 (4√5) + 48C2946 (4√5)2 + .... + 48C47 (9)(4√5)47 + 48C48 (4√5)48]
+ [ 48C0 948 - 48C1 947 (4√5) + 48C2 946 (4√5)2 - ... - 48C47 (9)(4√5)47 + 48C48 (4√5)48]
= 2[48C0 948 + 48C2 946 (4√5)2 + ... 48C48 (4√5)48]
∴ x + y = 2(k) = even
Now,
0 < 9 - 4√5 < 1
∴ 0 < (9 - 4√5)48 < 1
∴ 0 < y < 1 ...(ii)
Also, x = [x] + f, 0 < f < 1 … (iii)
∴ [x] + f + y is even
As [x] is an integer, f + y is an integer.
From (ii) and (iii)
0 < f + y < 2
∴ f + y = 1
Now, x (1 – f) = xy
But from (i), xy = 1
∴ x(1 – f) = 1
Hence, option (a).